Family Word

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Family Word

Vocabulary question are multiple choice. They ask you to match the meaning of a highlighted word or phrase with one of four answers. Most vocabulary questions low_ frequency vocabulary (word you will not encounter very often). Therefore, you need to gain a solid knowledge of the academic word list and learn how to predict the meaning of low- frequency vocabulary question test the secondary meaning of easy words such as family in the second question on page 4 of Toefl iBT book.

How to Answer vocabulary Question: Predicting Meaning from Context.

1 Identify word form

Locate the highlighted word. What is its word form? Is it a noun, verb, adjective, or adverb?

2 Analyze in immediate context

Analyze the word based on what a pears immediately before and after it. If it is a noun, what is its relationship to the verb? What are its subject and object? What adjective modify it? The answer to these questions should give you important clues about the word's meaning.

3 Analyze in larger context

Examine the word in relation to other clauses or surrounding sentences. Do transitions or reference words provide a clue to meaning? Can you identify any synonyms in surrounding sentences?

4 Guess

Guess the meaning of the word according to the four answer choices. You can often eliminate one or two answers that you know are incorrect

-this will make guessing easier.

5 Divide into word parts

Divide into word parts. Compare the word to similar words that you know the meaning correspond to your choice from step 4?

6 Replace

Replace the highlighted word with your answer. Does it make sense in the context?

Word Families and the Academic Word List

            According to linguist, the number of word in the English language exceed one million, whereas the quantity of word families lies roughly in the range of 90,000. A word family includes a base word and all of its inflected and derived forms.

Inflectional ending do not change the base word's part of speech.

For instance, develops, developing, and develop are inflected forms of the base verb develop. On the other hand, derivational affixes can change this verb into a noun, adjective, or adverb. They can even alter the meaning to some degree.

Consider these examples: development, developer, developable, developmental ,developmentally , and underdeveloped.

Sample Answers

1 Identify word form

It is a noun because it is before a verb and is modified by an adjective.

2 Analyze in immediate context

"...affixes change verbs to noun, adjective, or adverbs and can change the meaning". Analysis: An affix must be a word part such as an ending.<br>

When I was last sick

 On Saturday morning last weekend my family in Orphanage Center went to cut a big tree to get the firewood for cooking anything. I worked too hard with my house mates to cut and to saw all, both. But, I was good at saw than cut. I saw with a friend. We were very happy until we forgot we were tired. First we sawed some tree branch that had cut yet. The end we saw the tree completely that its branch had cutoff. After that we collected those firewood to house. When we got home we also felt seem tired but, it didn’t matter. In evening we played more basketball and football . When we finished our mom wanted us to bring some water for three jars. Every one didn’t have a feel to do it. Immediately I came to accept responsibility. We did it no feel and tired . But we did it through we finish. At that time my legs and my back very hurt include my head. To tell the truth I’m too, tired! After dinner I went to sleep early. I felt bad but, I didn’t take any medicines. I just had a relax and had lots of liquids. So, I relieved after three days. But my friend that saw the firewood with me he still didn’t relieve and I advised him “You should take some Aspirin, because your head is still hurt”.<br>

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Fast Food

     In countries throughout the world, and especially in the United States, hamburgers are a very popular food. It seems impossible, but people have bought more than 99,000,000,000(99 billion) hamburgers from just one fast-food company. This is enough to make a circle around the earth 12 times!

     Most American's favorite place to buy a hamburger is at a fast food restaurant. In these restaurants, people order their food, wait just a few minutes, and then carry it to their tables themselves. They can eat it in the restaurant or take the food out and eat it at home, at work, in a park, or even in their cars. At many fast-food restaurants, people can drive up beside a window. They order their food, and a worker hands it to them through the window.

     Hamburgers are not only kind of food that fast-food restaurants serve. They also serve French fries, milk shakes, soft drinks, and coffee. Some serve fish or chicken. Others serve hot dogs, tacos, pizza, or submarine sandwiches. In the morning, some fast-food restaurants have a complete breakfast menu, with egg sandwiches, pancakes, and juice.

     Fast-food restaurants are very popular because the service is fast and the food is inexpensive. (Inexpensive food does not cost very much.) For many people, low prices are more important than the quality of the food.

     These restaurants are also popular because the food is always the same. People know that if they eat at a company's restaurant in the north of the city or in the south of the city, the food will still be the same.

     Are hamburgers, French fries, tacos, and other kinds of fast food good for you? In general, fast food has a lot of fat and salt. Today, people know that fatty and salty food is not healthy. Because more people want food that is good for them, fast-food restaurants are serving salads and other healthy food.

    Restaurants are also cooking with less salt and fat. For example, some restaurants are now using a  healthier oil for their French fries.

    One thing is sure. People will continue to eat fast food. In fact, now there are fast food restaurants in countries all over the world.<br>

PUERTO RICO 

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The Map 

                                                                                Images                                                                             

1.      What do you know about Puerto Rico?

2.      How is Puerto Rico related to the United States?

3.      What can you guess about Puerto Rico from the picture?

Puerto Rico is an island southeast of Florida and north of Venezuela, between the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. It is not far from Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Puerto Rico has many beautiful beaches that stretch for miles along the coast. It also has mountains and valleys with good land for farming. The climate in Puerto Rico is usually very warm. It is often humid during the summer months. Many people choose Puerto Rico as a vacation spot because of its lovely weather, beautiful coasts, and interesting history and culture.

    Puerto Rico means "rich port" in Spanish. Christopher Columbus landed there in 1493. Fifteen years later, the Spanish explore Juan Ponce de Leon settled there with people from Spain who came to live in the New World. Native Indians had lived on the island of Puerto Rico for hundreds of years. Tragically, many of them died in wars with the Spanish and from diseases brought from Europe. People from other places, like Africa, also came to live in Puerto Rico. Today Puerto Rico is an interesting mix of all these cultures. Visitors will notice the influence of Spain in the food, music, festivals, and customs of the people. And, of course, the people in Puerto Rico speak Spanish-but they also speak English!

    Puerto Rico has a special relationship with the United State. It is not one of the fifty states. It is called a commonwealth of the United States. The people of Puerto Rico  are American citizens and can travel to the United States easily. However, they so not pay certain taxes and they and they do not vote in national elections for the president of the United States. The United States government also protects the island.

    The capital city of Puerto Rico is San Juan. It is a modern, Industrial city. San Juan is also a port, which is a place where ships come and go, carrying supplies to and from  other places. Puerto Rico has several other large cities near the coast. Because much of the island is covered with mountains, most of the people live close together-near the coast or in the valleys between the mountains. In the mountains there are small villages and farming areas. People grow sugarcane, coffee, and coconuts and other fruits.

      The history, culture, and beauty of Puerto Rico make it a wonderful place for a vacation. Every year many tourists from the United States and other parts of the world go to relax in the warm and sunny climate of this island. There are many resorts and beautiful hotels along the beaches. Tourists can also enjoy the local Spanish food and buy souvenirs in the old Spanish  area of San Juan.

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